- 11 de fev. de 2022
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Safety standards for blasting operations!

Atualizado: 21 de mar. de 2022

Do you know what are the safety standards for blasting operations?

The work of mineral extraction represents an important economic activity worldwide, employing millions of people throughout the world.

This blog will introduce some safety standards of work and some risks in mining, and how you can avoid them.

Picture 1 . (picture by: FORCIT Group)

Picture 2. Old unsafe mining methods Picture 3. Safe mining methods near heavy

machinery

Occupational Safety and Health in blasting operation:

In underground mining, open-pit mining, mining, we can find that the minimum required relates to the following topics:

· physical, chemical and biological risks;

· atmospheres at risk of explosion;

· deficiencies in oxygen levels;

· ventilation;

· investigation and analysis of occupational accidents;

· any risks resulting at height, in-depth and in containment areas;

· risks resulting from the use of electricity, machinery, equipment, vehicles and manual work;

· plan and others resulting from modifications and introductions of new technologies.

Picture 4. Use of new technologies Picture 5. Avoid the production of fumes that

create toxic atmosphere

However, it is not only companies that need to comply with rules, but also their employees! It is up to the employees of these organizations to ensure their own health and integrity of their colleagues. To do so, they must comply with all regulations concerning the safety of mining work.

It is also the employee's responsibility to immediately communicate to his superiors whenever he/she sees a situation he considers to be at risk or else see that a colleague is not performing the tasks as requested, so that this can become an imminent risk for everyone.

Safety equipment and measures

It is very important that professionals make use of Personal Protective Equipment (EPIs) that protect against possible damage caused by noise, dust, flyrocks and even landslides that may occur in mines.

Among the EPIs that stand out are:

· respiratory masks;

· ear plugs;

· goggles;

· welding masks and helmets;

· shoes and safety gloves.

· Steel toe boots

Three of the key major hazards — dust, vibration and fly rocks are discussed below.

Dust

Dust is present in all quarrying and opencast mining operations. While it is often considered to be more of an environmental issue, dust is a potential health risk and it is the nature of the dust that determines the associated risk.

Controlling fragmentation is a way to avoid producing dust.

Picture 6. Fragmentationcontrol using O-Pitblast

Software

Vibration

Vibration can cause severe damage to the surroundings and the people working on the plant, the control of the vibration should be done in every blast. The measure of waves must be done in all blasts to control the spread of waves. The PPV can be reduced by applying correct timing in the tie-up plan, by using decks, or using the correct explosive when creating the blast plan.

Picture 7. Vibration Control using O-Pitblast

software and Map

Fly rocks

Flyrock is a rock or rocks that are ejected from the blast site in a controlled explosion in mining operations. The term refers in particular to rock that flies beyond the safety zone, causing injuries to people and damage to property. We can control the fly rocks using the correct steaming and controlling the calculation of the critical burden from the boreholes of the 1º row to the free face.

This evaluation and control can also be done using a deviation probe like the O-PitDev device.

Picture 8. Critical burden and all boreholes proprieties

in O-Pitblast software

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